Τέοντορ Χερτσλ
Το Εβραικο κρατος
Η πασίγνωστη και επαναστατική, για την εποχή της, πρόταση του πατέρα του σιωνισμού Τέοντορ Χερτσλ για τη δημιουργία ενός εβραϊκού κράτους, το οποίο θα λύτρωνε τους επί αιώνες καταπιεσμένους Εβραίους της Ευρώπης από τις οδυνηρές επιπτώσεις του αντισημιτισμού και θα βασιζόταν στις αρχές της ισότητας και της αλληλεγγύης.
Το έργο δημοσιεύτηκε το 1896 και προκάλεσε ποικίλες αντιδράσεις, επηρεάζοντας τα μέγιστα την πολιτική σκέψη της εποχής και πυροδοτώντας τις προσπάθειες για τη δημιουργία του κράτους του Ισραήλ.
Μπορεί ένα βιβλίο να αλλάξει τον κόσμο; Και ναι και όχι. Μπορεί να αλλάξει τον τρόπο με τον οποίο βλέπουμε τον εαυτό μας και τους άλλους, να διαφωτίσει, να εξοργίσει, να προκαλέσει, να παρηγορήσει. Μπορεί να εμπνεύσει συζητήσεις, διαφωνίες, ακόμη και πολέμους ή επαναστάσεις, και σίγουρα μπορεί να πλουτίσει απεριόριστα τη ζωή.
Michael Walzer
Έξοδος και επανάσταση
Το παρόν βιβλίο πραγματεύεται μια ιδέα με έντονη παρουσία και επίδραση στη δυτική πολιτική σκέψη, την ιδέα της απολύτρωσης από τα δεινά και την καταπίεση· μια εγκόσμια λύτρωση, απελευθέρωση, επανάσταση.
Προσπάθησα να περιγράψω τις απαρχές αυτής της ιδέας στην ιστορία της απολύτρωσης του λαού του Ισραήλ από την Αίγυπτο και κατόπιν να δώσω μια ανάγνωση της Εξόδου, των Αριθμών και του Δευτερονομίου σχεδιασμένη έτσι ώστε να εξηγεί τη σημασία τους για τόσες γενιές θρησκευτικών και πολιτικών ριζοσπαστών.
Η απόδραση από την αιχμαλωσία, η περιπλάνηση στην έρημο, η ανάβαση στο όρος Σινά, η γη της επαγγελίας: όλα αυτά δεσπόζουν στη γραμματεία της επανάστασης. Πράγματι, η επανάσταση έχει συχνά αποδοθεί ως αναπαράσταση της Εξόδου και η Έξοδος έχει ιδωθεί πολλές φορές ως πρόγραμμα επανάστασης.
Έξοδος και επανάσταση
Το παρόν βιβλίο πραγματεύεται μια ιδέα με έντονη παρουσία και επίδραση στη δυτική πολιτική σκέψη, την ιδέα της απολύτρωσης από τα δεινά και την καταπίεση· μια εγκόσμια λύτρωση, απελευθέρωση, επανάσταση.
Προσπάθησα να περιγράψω τις απαρχές αυτής της ιδέας στην ιστορία της απολύτρωσης του λαού του Ισραήλ από την Αίγυπτο και κατόπιν να δώσω μια ανάγνωση της Εξόδου, των Αριθμών και του Δευτερονομίου σχεδιασμένη έτσι ώστε να εξηγεί τη σημασία τους για τόσες γενιές θρησκευτικών και πολιτικών ριζοσπαστών.
Η απόδραση από την αιχμαλωσία, η περιπλάνηση στην έρημο, η ανάβαση στο όρος Σινά, η γη της επαγγελίας: όλα αυτά δεσπόζουν στη γραμματεία της επανάστασης. Πράγματι, η επανάσταση έχει συχνά αποδοθεί ως αναπαράσταση της Εξόδου και η Έξοδος έχει ιδωθεί πολλές φορές ως πρόγραμμα επανάστασης.
Στόχος μου δεν είναι να παραθέσω μια ιστορία της ιδέας της απολύτρωσης αλλά μια μελέτη της σημασίας της, και δεν υπάρχει καλύτερος τρόπος να το πετύχω αυτό από το να μιμηθώ τους πολλούς συνηγόρους και ακτιβιστές της απολύτρωσης που μάζεψαν τους οπαδούς τους γύρω τους και τους διάβασαν τη βιβλική ιστορία. Που διάβασαν και ανέπτυξαν και ερμήνευσαν την ιστορία· επειδή κάθε ανάγνωση είναι ταυτόχρονα και μια εκδοχή, μια επανεφεύρεση του παρελθόντος προς χάριν του παρόντος. Γιατί όμως επανεφευρίσκεται αενάως αυτή η ιστορία; Ακριβώς αυτό προσπαθώ να εξηγήσω.
Michael Brenner
A Short History of the Jews
"A Short History of the Jews" is the story of the Jewish people told in a sweeping and powerful historical narrative. Michael Brenner chronicles the Jewish experience from Biblical times to today, tracing what is at heart a drama of migration and change, yet one that is also deeply rooted in tradition.
He surveys the latest scholarly perspectives in Jewish history, making this short history the most learned yet broadly accessible book available on the subject.
Brenner takes readers from the mythic wanderings of Moses to the unspeakable atrocities of the Holocaust; from the Babylonian exile to the founding of the modern state of Israel; and from the Sephardic communities under medieval Islam to the shtetls of eastern Europe and the Hasidic enclaves of modern-day Brooklyn.
This richly illustrated book is full of fascinating and often personal stories of exodus and return, from that told about Abraham, who brought his newfound faith into the land of Canaan, to that of Holocaust survivor Esther Barkai, who lived on a kibbutz established on a German estate seized from the Nazi Julius Streicher as she awaited resettlement in Israel. Brenner traces the major events, developments, and personalities that have shaped Jewish history down through the centuries, and highlights the important contributions Jews have made to the arts, politics, religion, and science. Breathtaking in scope, "A Short History of the Jews" is a compelling blend of storytelling and scholarship that brings the history of the Jewish people marvelously to life.
A Short History of the Jews
"A Short History of the Jews" is the story of the Jewish people told in a sweeping and powerful historical narrative. Michael Brenner chronicles the Jewish experience from Biblical times to today, tracing what is at heart a drama of migration and change, yet one that is also deeply rooted in tradition.
He surveys the latest scholarly perspectives in Jewish history, making this short history the most learned yet broadly accessible book available on the subject.
Brenner takes readers from the mythic wanderings of Moses to the unspeakable atrocities of the Holocaust; from the Babylonian exile to the founding of the modern state of Israel; and from the Sephardic communities under medieval Islam to the shtetls of eastern Europe and the Hasidic enclaves of modern-day Brooklyn.
This richly illustrated book is full of fascinating and often personal stories of exodus and return, from that told about Abraham, who brought his newfound faith into the land of Canaan, to that of Holocaust survivor Esther Barkai, who lived on a kibbutz established on a German estate seized from the Nazi Julius Streicher as she awaited resettlement in Israel. Brenner traces the major events, developments, and personalities that have shaped Jewish history down through the centuries, and highlights the important contributions Jews have made to the arts, politics, religion, and science. Breathtaking in scope, "A Short History of the Jews" is a compelling blend of storytelling and scholarship that brings the history of the Jewish people marvelously to life.
1948 and After: Israel and the Palestinians is a collection of essays by the Israeli historian Benny Morris.
The book was first published in hardcover in 1990. It was revised and expanded, (largely on the basis on newly available material) and published by Clarendon Press, Oxford, in 1994, ISBN 0-19-827929-9.
The expanded 1994 edition contained a complete new chapter (ch. 5): Yosef Nahmani and the Arab Question in 1948. Chapters 1 (The new historiography: Israel and its past) and chapter 10 (The Transfer of Al Majdal's Remaining Arabs to Gaza, 1950) were substantially expanded.
The book was first published in hardcover in 1990. It was revised and expanded, (largely on the basis on newly available material) and published by Clarendon Press, Oxford, in 1994, ISBN 0-19-827929-9.
The expanded 1994 edition contained a complete new chapter (ch. 5): Yosef Nahmani and the Arab Question in 1948. Chapters 1 (The new historiography: Israel and its past) and chapter 10 (The Transfer of Al Majdal's Remaining Arabs to Gaza, 1950) were substantially expanded.
Alain Gresh
Israele, Palestina. La verità su un conflitto
Dalla nascita del sionismo alla guerra del 1948 e alla creazione dello stato di Israele; dalla resistenza dei palestinesi alla loro trasformazione in rifugiati e alla creazione dell'Olp; dalla guerra del 1967 agli accordi di Oslo e ancora alle scelte del governo Sharon: ripercorrendo i momenti cruciali del conflitto israelo-palestinese, Alain Gresh ci aiuta a comprendere una sanguinosa vicenda che dura ormai da un secolo e ha provocato la morte di migliaia di israeliani e di palestinesi.
Un libro che rifiuta la solidarietà astratta con uno dei due contendenti - anche se non nasconde la simpatia per la «causa palestinese» - e abbraccia la tesi che nessuno dei due è investito da una «missione superiore», nessuno è buono, giusto, migliore per natura o per qualche grazia divina o immanente. Un libro che nasce dalla volontà di ristabilire principî indiscutibili su cui fondare una seria discussione e cercare una via alla soluzione laica del conflitto.
Israele, Palestina. La verità su un conflitto
Dalla nascita del sionismo alla guerra del 1948 e alla creazione dello stato di Israele; dalla resistenza dei palestinesi alla loro trasformazione in rifugiati e alla creazione dell'Olp; dalla guerra del 1967 agli accordi di Oslo e ancora alle scelte del governo Sharon: ripercorrendo i momenti cruciali del conflitto israelo-palestinese, Alain Gresh ci aiuta a comprendere una sanguinosa vicenda che dura ormai da un secolo e ha provocato la morte di migliaia di israeliani e di palestinesi.
Un libro che rifiuta la solidarietà astratta con uno dei due contendenti - anche se non nasconde la simpatia per la «causa palestinese» - e abbraccia la tesi che nessuno dei due è investito da una «missione superiore», nessuno è buono, giusto, migliore per natura o per qualche grazia divina o immanente. Un libro che nasce dalla volontà di ristabilire principî indiscutibili su cui fondare una seria discussione e cercare una via alla soluzione laica del conflitto.
The Founding Myths of Israel: Nationalism, Socialism, and the Making of the Jewish State is a book by Zeev Sternhell.
It was published in Hebrew in 1995, in French in 1996 and in English in 1998.
The stated purpose of the book is an analysis of the ideology and actions of labor Zionism in the period before the 1948 Arab-Israeli War. In that period labor Zionism's leaders dominated the institutions of the Yishuv, the Jewish community in Palestine. Sternhell's thesis is that the actions and decisions of the leaders of labor Zionism were guided by a nationalist ideology, and not by a socialist ideology.
In the "Introduction" and the "Epilogue" Sternhell extrapolates this attitude of the leaders to Israeli politics and argues that nationalist policies have overshadowed social and liberal policies for a long time and are still endangering Israel's ability to develop as a free and open society.
It was published in Hebrew in 1995, in French in 1996 and in English in 1998.
The stated purpose of the book is an analysis of the ideology and actions of labor Zionism in the period before the 1948 Arab-Israeli War. In that period labor Zionism's leaders dominated the institutions of the Yishuv, the Jewish community in Palestine. Sternhell's thesis is that the actions and decisions of the leaders of labor Zionism were guided by a nationalist ideology, and not by a socialist ideology.
In the "Introduction" and the "Epilogue" Sternhell extrapolates this attitude of the leaders to Israeli politics and argues that nationalist policies have overshadowed social and liberal policies for a long time and are still endangering Israel's ability to develop as a free and open society.
Questions that Sternhell investigates are:
Was a unique synthesis between socialism and nationalism ever achieved in Palestine?
Did the founders intend to create an alternative to bourgeois society, or did they renounce the social objective from the beginning as incompatible?
Was equality a genuine goal, however long-term, or was it only a mobilizing myth?
Was the nationalism of Labor Zionism and its practical expression, the conquering of the land, in any way special?
Did it have a universalistic, humanistic and rationalistic basis that distinguished it from the nationalism flourishing in Eastern Europe?
Did it ever have the potential to overcome the religious substance of Jewish nationalism, and thus establish a liberal, secular and open society, at peace with itself and its neighbours?
Sternhell's answer to the first five questions is "no".
The book has received considerable attention. It was the topic of a conference at the distinguished Van Leer Institute in Jerusalem and the subject of the lead review in the weekly literary supplement of Ha’Aretz newspaper.
Το σιωνιστικό κίνημα προήλθε από δύο τυπικές ευρωπαικες πολιτικές
ιδεολογίες του 19ου αιώνα, τον σοσιαλισμό και τον εθνικισμό.
ιδεολογίες του 19ου αιώνα, τον σοσιαλισμό και τον εθνικισμό.
HANNAH ARENDT
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